Description:

Single pendulum experiment is a subject required by teaching program of fundamental physics experiment in colleges and universities, as well as in high school. The old experiments were confined to the approximate periodic oscillations carried out within a small angle and in general, the measurement of oscillation period of the small ball was not reference to the relations between period and angle of swing. But now, to study that relation above-mentioned, the periodic measurements to be carried out in different angles or even large angle of swing will be in necessary. Due to the using of stopwatch controlled by hand in traditional experiment, the periodic measurement was with great measuring error. Therefore, in order to reduce the error, it must take average value after the multiply periodic measurement is to be done. However, the periodic oscillation in large angle of swing cannot be measured accurately, for that the angle will get attenuated with time going due to existence of air damping. With utilization self-clocking measurement by an integrated switch of Hall sensor and electronic timer, the period of single pendulum in larger angle of swing can be measured accurately in several short oscillation periods, which is ignored the influence of air damping on angle of swing and to make the experiment researching the relations between the period and angle of swing be carried out successfully. When obtaining that relation, the accurate value of oscillation period in minimum small angle of swing also can be achieved by extrapolation method of taking the angle of swing as zero, so as to more accurately measure acceleration of gravity.

With application of Galiers extrapolation for physics disciplinary on this laboratory apparatus, the oscillation period in minimum small angle of swing can be achieved through the measurement of relations between the period and angle of swing, which are favorable for teaching of physics experiment.

EXPERIMENTS:

1. Measuring the oscillation period of pendulum length of fixed single pendulum; calculating the acceleration of gravity or that calculated with method of straight line fit by way of changing the pendulum length successively and measuring the relevant period, and verifying the pendulum length is direct proportional to the square of oscillation period.

2. Measuring the relations between period and angle of swing, as well as the accurate value of oscillation period in minimum small angle of swing by way of extrapolation method of taking the angle of swing as zero, so as to more accurately measure acceleration of gravity.

3. Studying the influence of nonlinear effect while the oscillation of single pendulum occurs in larger angle of swing.

Details: